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【包子说书】伊尔米尔的号角(全)

熊熊燃烧的叉烧包:

你还在为没有看到《阿勒都迪尼依》的歌词而忧伤吗?

你还在为托老没有谱下《诺多兰提》的曲调而惋惜吗?

来看看这首图奥唱给埃雅仁德尔的歌吧。

在微光下垂柳之地的芦苇荡里,乌欧牟的神奇海螺在他面前奏响,从此大海涛声在图奥的心头萦绕。全诗虽在吟诵大海的波涛、浪花飞沫,但又像是图奥在讲述自己颠沛流离的一生,又有点像是托老站在海边,回顾着自己的童年、少年与青年时光。直至最后,万籁俱寂,岁月静好。

对不起托老我实在做不到两句两句押韵,也没有学过诗歌翻译的一些理论和方法,也不太懂诗歌的韵律,好多单词都是查字典的。最近略忙,八月基本都没怎么产粮。但包子尽力了,向我至爱的宝钻交稿。翻译可能有许多不足的地方,如果翻译有误有可以改进的地方,请一定告诉包子。包子爱你们,爱LOF的宝钻圈,么么哒~

感谢beleg的纠正~么么哒(づ ̄ 3 ̄)づ

——————————

翻译自《中洲的变迁》第三章节《诺多史》 附录二 p.262-267

附录标题原文为:The Horns of Ylmir,Ylmir是Ulmo的诺姆语形式。以前的文里我好像直接翻成了《乌欧牟的号角》。

【正文】

这首诗无疑指的是《诺多史》第170页中:“图奥为他的儿子埃雅仁迪尔所做的歌中,那幻象饱含着力量与威严。”这首歌现存三个版本,及五份文稿。第一个版本仅存一份手稿,由40行诗句组成,它的开头是:

I sat on the ruined margin of the deep-voiced echoing sea
我坐在荒废的岸边,听着大海中的低沉回音

它的结尾是:

and I wake to silent caverns, and empty sands, and peace
我才注意到那寂静的洞穴、空无一物的沙滩和安宁

(文本的第15和66行在下文给出)。我父亲在由墨水写就的手稿上,又用铅笔添加了标题《潮汐》【The Tides】,同时还加有注释“1914年12月4日”和“在康沃尔郡的海岸上”。因为1914年夏天,他去康沃尔的利泽德半岛[Lizard Peninsula],拜访了汉弗雷·卡彭特,见《J. R. R. 托尔金:一部传记》,第70到71页。虽然我没有找到比这份文本更早的手稿了,但从我父亲在随后版本的注释中显而易见,他记得这首诗的初稿时间要比上文提到的日期早得多。

第二版的标题名为《一首远古时代的海洋赞歌》(古英语名为《Fyrndaga Sǽléoþ》[1]),现存两份手稿,仅在细节上有些不同。第二份手稿有一些小的修改,日期从:“1972年”,改为“1914年12月”,改为“1915年3月”[2],此外还有“散文社[牛津大学埃克塞特学院]1915年3月”。

这个版本的开头是:

In a dim and perilous region, down whose great tempestuous ways
在一处昏暗而危险的地域,沿暴风雨笼罩的道路而下 
I heard no sound of men's voices; in those eldest of the days, 
我听不到任何人的声音;在那些最古老的时日里, 
I sat on the ruined margin of the deep-voiced echoing sea...
我坐在荒废的岸边,听着大海中的低沉回音……

(例如:它开始于正文的第13行,第265页)在“空无一物的沙滩和安静的”一句(即【现存第一版】《潮汐》的结尾)后又增加了两行:

In a lovely sunlit region down whose old chaotic ways
在一处可爱的、阳光普照的地域,沿古老而杂乱的道路而下。 
Yet no sound of men's voices echoed in those eldest of all days.
在那最古老的全部时日里,依旧无人声回应。

汉弗雷·卡彭特正是从这个版本,而不是从1914年的那个版本中,引用了前六行诗句(见《J. R. R. 托尔金:一部传记》,第73-74页)。《海洋赞歌》同《潮汐》在扩写(前者有50行,后者仅有40行)与诗句重组方面都有着不同。

在《海洋赞歌》的第二份正文中,我父亲用铅笔写道:

这是那首图奥讲他儿子埃雅仁德尔听的歌。当时刚多林的流亡者在他们的城市被烧毁后,在“垂柳之地”南塔斯仁[Dor Tathrin]暂居了一段时间。如今,图奥是见到大海的第一人。但他在乌欧牟的引导下前往刚多林,离开了海洋的岸边。他穿过了垂柳之地,迷恋于它的美好,而忘记了他的探寻任务和从前对海的热爱。这时,外环海之主乌欧牟[3],乘着他的深海之车前来,坐在微光下的西瑞安芦苇丛中,向图奥奏起了他空心贝壳制成的魔笛。自此之后,图奥对大海的渴望再无法消去,他再无法安心在内陆居住。[4]

这很明显属于《刚多林的陷落》的故事(特别看《失落的传说之书之二》,第153-156页),且它无疑是在传说的创作过程中添加进去的(还有第三个版本的诗篇),这是因为《海洋赞歌》既与图奥的传奇故事毫无联系,也确实与神话的特征没有任何关系。

第三版标题为《乌欧牟的号角》,直接取自现存的一份手稿和一份打字稿。直到现在,诗篇中才提及了乌欧牟和欧西(在远古的黑夜中,诸神撕裂了大地)。手稿上有一处与诗歌同期创作的注释写道。

1910-11-12经常有重写和改动。现在的样子是由于重写、添加序言。1917年春,在霍尔德内斯鲁斯(蓟桥营[Thistle Bridge Camp])一座孤独的房子里给它结了尾。

(关于鲁斯,见汉弗雷·卡彭特《J. R. R. 托尔金:一部传记》,第97页。)一处进一步添加的铅笔注释写道:“《刚多林的陷落》一文中的诗歌”。

因此,这首诗歌差不多是在撰写《刚多林的陷落》故事的同期,并入了图奥和埃雅仁德尔的传奇(见《失落的传说之书之一》第203页,《失落的传说之书之二》第146页);它应当在《失落的传说之书之二》中给出。

《乌欧牟的号角》的手稿上,有一些微小的修正。值得注意的是,“乌欧牟”改成了“伊尔米尔”(后者是诺姆语的形式,可在《胡林的子女之歌》和“神话概要”中找到)。而第二次提及欧西(第41-42行,它替代了两个早期的人名)。打印稿本来同手稿一模一样(在标题下加有单词“来自《刚多林的陷落》”),但打印稿有一些用红色圆珠笔做的细小改动,因而这是一些更后期的修改。这些改动并没有包含在下文中,我将它们附在了诗歌后的注释里。

【注释】

[1] 古英语中,“fyrn”意为“古老的”,“dagaz”意为“时代”,“Sǽ”意为“大海”。

[2] 不太确定,原文:“Mar. 1915 < Dec. 1914 < 1972”。

[3] 在最初的宇宙论中,Vai是外环海。

[4] “Dor Tathrin”出现在《刚多林的陷落》名词表里,见《失落的传说之书之二》第346页;乌欧牟的“深海之车”,见《米尔寇之囚》的故事,《失落的传说之书之一》第101页。



【诗歌】

The Horns of Ylmir from 'The Fall of Gondolin'
《伊尔米尔的号角》摘自《刚多林的陷落》

Tuor recalleth in a song sung to his son Eärendel the visions that Ylmir's conches once called before him in the twilight in the Land of Willows.
图奥在唱给埃雅仁德尔的一首歌中,回忆那微光下的垂柳之地,伊尔米尔的海螺在他面前奏响的场景。

——————

'Twas in the Land of Willows where the grass is long and green—[5]
那是在垂柳之地,彼地草长茵茵——

I was fingering my harp-strings, for a wind had crept unseen
我正拨弄竖琴弦,风儿拂地不留踪影

And was speaking in the tree-tops, while the voices of the reeds
风吹树梢沙沙作响,而那芦苇荡之音

Were whispering reedy whispers as the sunset touched the meads,
如笛声一般低语,当落日余晖触到了草坪,

Inland musics subtly magic that those reeds alone could weave—
内陆音乐有着精妙的魔力,使得单凭那些芦苇就可编排——

'Twas in the Land of Willows that once Ylmir came at eve.[5]
那是在垂柳之地,傍晚伊尔米尔曾前来。



In the twilight by the river on a hollow thing of shell
在河边的微光里,用一只空心的贝壳

He made immortal music, till my heart beneath his spell
他奏响了神乐,直至我心在他咒语下

Was broken in the twilight, and the meadows faded dim
在微光中破碎,草地褪去色泽模糊不清

To great grey waters heaving round the rocks where seabirds swim.
岩石周围海鸟凫水,奔涌的灰河起伏不定。



I heard them wailing round me where the black cliffs towered high
我听见它们在我周围悲鸣,黑崖巍峨屹立

And the old primeval starlight flickered palely in the sky.
远古的星光在苍穹隐隐明灭不息。

In that dim and perilous region in whose great tempestuous ways.
在那昏暗而危险的地域,沿暴风雨笼罩的道路而行。

I heard no sound of men's voices, in those eldest of the days,
我听不到任何人的声音;在那些最古老的时日里,

I sat on the ruined margin of the deep-voiced echoing sea
我坐在荒废的岸边,听着大海中的低沉回音

Whose roaring foaming music crashed in endless cadency[6]
它带着泡沫的轰鸣,打着连续地节拍

On the land besieged for ever in an aeon of assaults
撞碎在陆地上,彼地永世被无尽战乱围扰

And torn in towers and pinnacles and caverned in great vaults;
撕裂高塔与山峰,掏空宏大的宝库地窖;

And its arches shook with thunder and its feet were piled with shapes
它的穹隆摇晃伴随雷鸣巨响,它的基座堆叠成特殊形状

Riven in old sea-warfare from those crags and sable capes.
那是来自古时的海战中,碎裂的峭壁与暗岬。


Lo! I heard the embattled tempest roaring up behind the tide[7]
瞧!我听到列兵布阵的动静在潮汐声后愈渐喧闹

When the trumpet of the first winds sounded, and the grey sea sang and cried
当第一阵风开始呼号,当灰色海洋恸哭歌唱

As a new white wrath woke in him, and his armies rose to war
当一股白热的愤怒在他体内苏醒,他的队伍整军奔赴战场

And swept in billowed cavalry toward the walled and moveless shore.
骑兵铁蹄滚滚横扫而过,去往设有攻防、坚定不移的海滨。

There the windy-bannered fortress of those high and virgin coasts
堡垒插满迎风招展的旗,在那些高高的原始海岸

Flung back the first thin feelers of the elder tidal hosts;
挡回了古时汹涌潮汐的第一缕试探;

Flung back the restless streamers that like arms of a tentacled thing
挡回了像是某种生物触手长须的猎猎长旗

Coiling and creeping onward did rustle and suck and cling.[8]
它盘绕卷曲着向前,窸窣、飘落、缠绕。

Then a sigh arose and a murmuring in that stealthy-whispering van,
接着,一声叹息、一句低语,发自那悄无声息的先驱

While, behind, the torrents gathered and the leaping billows ran,
而其后,湍流汇聚,巨浪奔涌起伏,

Till the foam-haired water-horses in green rolling volumes came—
直至泡沫如鬃水如马匹,乘着绿色的滚滚浪花而来——

A mad tide trampling landward—and their war-song burst to flame.
疯狂的潮汐毁灭性地扑向陆地——他们的战歌骤燃于烈焰。


Huge heads were tossed in anger and their crests were towers of froth
巨大的浪头夹杂着愤怒骤然抬起,而涛峰是堆叠成塔的泡泡

And the song the great seas were singing was a song of unplumbed wrath,
大海吟咏着的,是一曲无法预料的愤怒歌谣,

For through that giant welter Ossë's trumpets fiercely blew,
穿过欧西用小号猛烈掀起的澎湃波涛,

That the voices of the flood yet deeper and the High Wind louder grew;
洪水声尚在变得浑厚,而疾风竟愈响;

Deep hollows hummed and fluted as they sucked the seawinds in;
当海风灌入,深穴嗡鸣、奏响笛音;

Spumes and great white spoutings yelled shrilly o'er the din;
泡沫和巨大的白色水柱在喧闹中尖啸着喷射而出;

Gales blew the bitter tresses of the sea in the land's dark face
微风将大海苦涩的长发吹进陆地的阴影里

And wild airs thick with spindrift fled on a whirling race
狂风中密布的海浪飞沫乘着回旋的急流逃离

From battle unto battle, till the power of all the seas
从一场战役到另一场,直至诸海的力量

Gathered like one mountain about Ossë's awful knees,
凝聚成山,高如欧西令人敬畏的双膝

And a dome of shouting water smote those dripping black facades
喧嚣海水聚成的穹顶重重砸向那些滴着水的黑色立面

And its catastrophic fountains smashed in deafening cascades.
毁灭性的喷流撞得粉碎,化成了震耳欲聋的瀑布。

* * *

Then the immeasurable hymn of Ocean I heard as it rose and fell
接着,我听到了海洋无尽的赞歌涨落抑扬

To its organ whose stops were the piping of gulls and the thunderous swell;
那管风琴的音栓,是鸥群尖细的鸣叫,是潮水雷鸣般的轰响;

Heard the burden of the waters and the singing of the waves
听见海域的烦恼,听见波涛的歌唱

Whose voices came on for ever and went rolling to the caves,
它的声音不断传来,滚滚涌入洞穴,

Where an endless fugue of echoes splashed against wet stone
那里,赋格曲的回环之声拍击在潮湿的岩石上

And arose and mingled in unison into a murmuring drone—
唤起和音融入低语嗡鸣——

'Twas a music of uttermost deepness that stirred in the profound,
它是最遥远的歌谣,在海洋深处苏醒,

And all the voices of all oceans were gathered to that sound;
诸海的众声聚集到那乐音周围;

'Twas Ylmir, Lord of Waters, with all-stilling hand that made
伊尔米尔,众水的主宰,用能使一切平静下来的手

Unconquerable harmonies, that the roaring sea obeyed,
创造了无可比拟的和音,使咆哮的大海也顺服,

That its waters poured off and Earth heaved her glistening shoulders again
海水褪去,大地又抬起了她闪耀的双肩

Naked up into the airs and cloudrifts and sea-going rain,
裸露在空气、浮云和远洋的雨中,

Till the suck and suck of green eddies and the slap of ripples was all
直至旋涡、绿色的涡流和细浪的拍击

That reached to mine isléd stone, save the old unearthly call
都抵达了岛屿上矿岩,除了那古老而怪异的喊叫

Of sea-birds long-forgotten and the grating of ancient wings.
来自被长久遗忘的海鸟和被赠予的古老双翼。


Thus murmurous slumber took me mid those far-off eldest things
因那细语萦绕的小憩带我来到了那些远古的事物间

(In a lonely twilit region down whose old chaotic ways
(在一处孤独的、朦胧微亮的地域,沿古老而杂乱的道路而下

I heard no sound of men's voices, in those eldest of the days
我听不到任何人的声音;在那些最古老的时日里,

When the world reeled in the tumult as the Great Gods tore the Earth
当世界在混乱中动荡不安,因伟大的诸神撕裂了大地

In the darkness, in the tempest of the cycles ere our birth),
在黑暗中,在我们诞生前,暴风雨统治的时代中),

Till the tides went out, and the Wind died, and did all sea musics cease[9]
直到潮汐退去,风儿平息,诸海的音乐终了

And I woke to silent caverns and empty sands and peace.
我才注意到那寂静的洞穴、空无一物的沙滩和安宁。


Then the magic drifted from me and that music loosed its bands—
然后,那魔力离开了我,音乐也挣脱了它的束缚——

Far, far-off, conches calling—lo! I stood in the sweet lands,
在远方,很久以前,海螺召唤着——瞧!我站在甜美的陆地上,

And the meadows were about me where the weeping willows grew,
我四周的草地上,垂柳生长,

Where the long grass stirred beside me, and my feet were drenched with dew.
那里长草微颤,我的脚上沾满了露水。

Only the reeds were rustling, but a mist lay on the streams
只有芦苇荡还在沙沙作响,一层薄雾笼罩在溪流上

Like a sea-roke drawn far inland, like a shred of salt sea-dreams.[10]
像是一片海上的雾霭深入内陆,像是一块咸涩大海梦境的碎片。

'Twas in the Land of Willows that I heard th'unfathomed breath
在垂柳之地,我听到了深渊里的吐息

Of the Horns of Ylmir calling—and shall hear them till my death.
那是伊尔米尔号角的召唤——我当永世听得此声直至死去。


【注释】

[5] 第1和6行:'Twas改为It was。

[6] 第16行:这行改为:“Whose endless roaring music crashed in foaming harmony”,并标注有一个“X”。

[7] 第21行:roaring改为rolling。

[8] 第28行:这行标注有一个“X”,可能主要是因为用了did(见《贝烈瑞安德的歌谣》第153页)。

[9] 第65行:这行改为:“Till the tides went out, and the Wind ceased, and all sea musics died (but this destroys the rhyme)”。

[10] 第72行:sea-roke;“roke”是一个存活至近代的中世纪英语单词,直译为“薄雾、雾霭、蒙蒙细雨”。


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